Abayobozi bambere bakora chip yibikoresho barakora cyane kugirango batsinde imbeho ikonje.Samsung Electronics, SK Hynix na Micron bigabanya umusaruro, guhangana nibibazo byabaruwe, kuzigama amafaranga yakoreshejwe, no kudindiza iterambere ryikoranabuhanga ryateye imbere kugirango rihangane n’ubushake buke bwo kwibuka.“Turi mu gihe cyo kugabanuka ku nyungu”.Ku ya 27 Ukwakira, Samsung Electronics yabwiye abashoramari mu nama y’igihembwe cya gatatu raporo y’imari ko, usibye ko ibarura ry’isosiyete ryiyongereye vuba mu gihembwe cya gatatu.
Kwibuka nishami rinini ryisoko rya semiconductor, rifite isoko ryingana na miliyari 160 z'amadolari muri 2021. Irashobora kandi kugaragara ahantu hose mubicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki.Nibicuruzwa bisanzwe byateye imbere cyane ku isoko mpuzamahanga.Inganda zifite igihe kigaragara hamwe nimpinduka zo kubara, ibisabwa, nubushobozi.Umusaruro ninyungu zabakora birahinduka cyane hamwe nihindagurika ryinganda zinganda.
Nk’uko ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na TrendForce Jibang Consulting bubitangaza, umuvuduko w’ubwiyongere bw’isoko rya NAND mu 2022 uzaba 23.2% gusa, akaba ari yo ntera yo hasi cyane mu myaka 8 ishize;Iterambere ryubwibuke (DRAM) ni 19% gusa, kandi biteganijwe ko rizagabanuka kugera kuri 14.1% muri 2023.
Jeffrey Mathews, umusesenguzi mukuru wa serivisi z’ikoranabuhanga rya terefone igendanwa muri Strategy Analytics, yatangarije abanyamakuru ko isoko ry’isoko ryinshi ryateje umuvuduko ukabije, ari nayo mpamvu nyamukuru itera ibiciro biri hasi ya DRAM na NAND.Muri 2021, abayikora bazagira icyizere cyo kwagura umusaruro.NAND na DRAM bizakomeza kubura.Mugihe uruhande rusabwa rutangiye kugabanuka muri 2022, isoko rizaba ryinshi.Indi SK Hynix yavuze muri raporo y’imari y’igihembwe cya gatatu ko icyifuzo cy’ibicuruzwa bya DRAM na NAND cyari gito, kandi kugurisha n’ibiciro byagabanutse.
Sravan Kundojjala, umuyobozi wa serivisi za tekinike zigendanwa za terefone igendanwa ya Strategy Analytics, yatangarije abanyamakuru ko ihungabana rya nyuma ryabaye mu mwaka wa 2019, igihe amafaranga yinjira n’amafaranga yakoreshejwe mu nganda zose zo kwibuka yagabanutse ku buryo bugaragara, kandi isoko ridakomeye ryamaze igihembwe bibiri mbere yuko risohoka.Hariho ibintu bimwe bisa hagati ya 2022 na 2019, ariko iki gihe ihinduka risa nkaho rikabije.
Jeffrey Mathews yavuze ko uru ruzinduko rwagize ingaruka no ku bukene buke, ubukungu bwifashe nabi ndetse n’ubukungu bwa politiki.Isabwa rya terefone zigendanwa na PC, ibice bibiri byingenzi byo kwibuka mumyaka myinshi, birakomeye cyane kandi biteganijwe ko bizakomeza kugeza 2023.
Samsung Electronics yavuze ko ku bikoresho bigendanwa, ibyifuzo bishobora gukomeza kuba intege nke kandi bitinda mu gice cya mbere cy’umwaka utaha, kandi icyizere cy’umuguzi kizakomeza kuba gito bitewe n’intege nke z’igihe.Kuri PC, ibarura ryegeranijwe kubera kugurisha rito rizarangira mu gice cya mbere cyumwaka utaha, kandi birashoboka ko hazabaho gukira gukenewe cyane.Isosiyete izakomeza kwibanda ku kumenya niba ubukungu bw’ubukungu bushobora guhagarara neza mu gice cya kabiri cy’umwaka utaha ndetse n’ibimenyetso byo kuzamuka mu nganda.
Sravan Kundojjala yavuze ko ikigo cyamakuru, ibinyabiziga, inganda, ubwenge bw’ubukorikori hamwe n’urusobe bitanga abatanga kwibuka hamwe n’iterambere ryiyongera.Micron, SK Hynix na Samsung Electronics bose bavuze ko hagaragaye bamwe mubashoferi bashya muri raporo yimari yigihembwe cya gatatu: ibigo byamakuru na seriveri bizaba imbaraga zikomeye zikurikira isoko yibuka.
Ibarura ryinshi
Igikoresho cyibanze cya elegitoroniki gikubiyemo sisitemu zikurikira, sensor, gutunganya, kwibuka no gukora.Ububiko bushinzwe imikorere yibikoresho byamakuru, bishobora kugabanywa mububiko (DRAM) na flash memory (NAND) ukurikije ubwoko bwibicuruzwa.Ubwoko bwibicuruzwa bisanzwe bya DRAM ni module yibuka.Flash irashobora kugaragara ahantu hose mubuzima, harimo ikarita ya microSD, U disiki, SSD (disiki ya leta ikomeye), nibindi.
Isoko ryo kwibuka ryibanze cyane.Dukurikije imibare y’ubucuruzi bw’ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi ku isi (WSTS), Samsung, Micron na SK Hynix hamwe bangana na 94% by’isoko rya DRAM.Mu murima wa NAND Flash, Samsung, Armour Man, SK Hynix, Western Digital, Micron na Intel hamwe bingana na 98%.
Nk’uko amakuru y’ubujyanama ya TrendForce Jibang abitangaza, ibiciro bya DRAM byagabanutse kuva umwaka watangira, kandi igiciro cy’amasezerano mu gice cya kabiri cya 2022 kizagabanuka hejuru ya 10% buri gihembwe.Ibiciro bya NAND nabyo biragabanuka.Mu gihembwe cya gatatu, igabanuka ryiyongereye kuva kuri 15-20% kugera kuri 30-35%.
Ku ya 27 Ukwakira, Samsung Electronics yashyize ahagaragara ibyavuye mu gihembwe cya gatatu, yerekanaga ko ishami rya semiconductor (DS) rishinzwe ubucuruzi bwa chip ryinjije miliyoni 23.02 yatsindiye mu gihembwe cya gatatu, ugereranije n’uko abasesenguzi babitekerezaga.Amafaranga yinjira mu ishami rishinzwe ubucuruzi bwo kubika yari tiriyari 15.23 yatsindiye, wagabanutseho 28% ukwezi ku kwezi na 27% umwaka ushize.Samsung Electronics ikubiyemo semiconductor, ibikoresho byo murugo, paneli na terefone.
Isosiyete yavuze ko intege nke zo kwibuka zatwikiriye izamuka ryimikorere muri rusange.Inyungu rusange y’inyungu yagabanutseho 2,7%, naho inyungu y’ibikorwa nayo yagabanutseho amanota 4.1 ku ijana igera kuri 14.1%.
Ku ya 26 Ukwakira, SK Hynix yinjije mu gihembwe cya gatatu yatsindiye tiriyoni 10,98, naho inyungu zayo zinjije miliyoni 1.66, aho kugurisha n’inyungu byagabanutseho 20.5% na 60.5% ukwezi.Ku ya 29 Nzeri, Micron, urundi ruganda runini, yashyize ahagaragara raporo y’imari y’igihembwe cya kane 2022 (Kamena 2022).Amafaranga yinjije yari miliyari 6.64 US $ gusa, yagabanutseho 23% ukwezi ku kwezi na 20% umwaka ushize.
Samsung Electronics yavuze ko impamvu nyamukuru zitera intege nke ari ibibazo bya macro bikomeje kugaragara ndetse n’abakiriya bahindura ibarura bahura nabyo, bikaba binini kuruta uko byari byitezwe.Isosiyete yamenye ko isoko ihangayikishijwe n’urwego rwayo rwo kubara bitewe n’intege nke z’ibikoresho byo kwibuka.
Samsung Electronics yavuze ko igerageza gucunga ibarura ryayo kurwego rushimishije.Byongeye kandi, urwego rwibarurishamibare ntirushobora kugenzurwa nuburinganire bwashize, kubera ko abakiriya bahura nuruzinduko rwibarura, kandi urwego rwahinduwe rwarenze ibyateganijwe.
Jeffrey Mathews yavuze ko mu bihe byashize, bitewe n’igihe cy’isoko ryabitswe, abahinguzi bihutiye guhura n’ibisabwa no kwagura umusaruro.Kugabanuka kw'abakiriya bakeneye, itangwa ryabaye ryinshi.Noneho barimo gukemura ibibazo byabo byo kubara.
Meguiar Light yavuze ko abakiriya hafi ya bose bakomeye ku isoko rya nyuma barimo guhindura ibarura.Sravan Kundojjala yabwiye abanyamakuru ko kuri ubu, abatanga isoko bamwe basinyana n’igihe kirekire n’abakiriya, bizeye kugabanya ibicuruzwa byarangiye mu bubiko, kandi bakagerageza no gukora ibarura risimburwa kugira ngo rihuze impinduka zose zisabwa.
Ingamba zo kubungabunga ibidukikije
“Twahoraga dushimangira uburyo bwo gukoresha ibiciro kugira ngo imiterere y'ibiciro iruta kure umunywanyi uwo ari we wese, ubwo ni inzira yo kubona inyungu ihamye muri iki gihe”.Samsung Electronics yizera ko ibicuruzwa bifite ubworoherane bwibiciro, bishobora gukoreshwa muburyo bwo gukora bimwe mubisabwa.Birumvikana ko ingaruka ari nke cyane, kandi muri rusange ibiciro biracyacungwa.
SK Hynix mu nama ya raporo y’imari y’igihembwe cya gatatu yavuze ko mu rwego rwo kunoza ibiciro, isosiyete yagerageje kuzamura igipimo cy’igurisha n’umusaruro w’ibicuruzwa bishya mu gihembwe cya gatatu, ariko igabanuka rikabije ry’ibiciro ryarenze igiciro cyagabanijwe, kandi inyungu y’ibikorwa nayo yanze.
Nk’uko amakuru y’ubujyanama ya TrendForce Jibang abitangaza ngo umusaruro wa memoire ya Samsung Electronics, SK Hynix na Micron wakomeje kwiyongera 12-13% muri uyu mwaka.Muri 2023, umusaruro wa Samsung Electronics uzagabanukaho 8%, SK Hynix kuri 6,6%, na Micron kuri 4.3%
Inganda nini ziritonda mugukoresha imari no kwagura umusaruro.SK Hynix yavuze ko umwaka utaha amafaranga azakoreshwa azagabanuka hejuru ya 50% umwaka ushize, kandi biteganijwe ko ishoramari ry’uyu mwaka rizagera kuri tiriyoni 10-20.Micron yavuze kandi ko izagabanya cyane amafaranga yakoreshejwe mu mwaka w'ingengo y'imari 2023 no kugabanya ikoreshwa ry'inganda zikora.
TrendForce Jibang Consulting yavuze ko mu rwego rwo kwibuka, ugereranije na Samsung Electronics 'Q4 2023 na Q4 2022 gahunda y’ishoramari, hazongerwaho ibice 40.000 gusa;SK Hynix yongeyeho firime 20000, mugihe Meguiar yari umuntu ushyira mu gaciro, hamwe nizindi firime 5000 gusa.Mubyongeyeho, ababikora babanje kubaka ibihingwa bishya byo kwibuka.Kugeza ubu, iterambere ry’ibimera riratera imbere, ariko icyerekezo rusange kiratinda.
Samsung Electronics ifite icyizere cyo kwagura umusaruro.Isosiyete yavuze ko izakomeza gukomeza urwego rukwiye rw’ishoramari ry’ibikorwa remezo kugira ngo ruhangane n’ibisabwa hagati - n’igihe kirekire, ariko ishoramari ry’ibikoresho rizoroha.Nubwo isoko ryubu rigenda rigabanuka, isosiyete ikeneye kwitegura kugaruza ibyifuzo mugihe giciriritse nigihe kirekire uhereye kubitekerezo, bityo uruganda ntiruzagabanya ibihimbano kugirango habeho ibicuruzwa byigihe gito nibisabwa.
Jeffrey Mathews yavuze ko kugabanya amafaranga asohoka n’ibisohoka bizanagira ingaruka ku bushakashatsi n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ry’abakora inganda, kandi umuvuduko wo kuzamuka ujya ahantu hambere uzagenda gahoro, bityo igabanuka ry’ibiciro bito (igiciro gito) naryo rizatinda.
Dutegereje umwaka utaha
Ababikora batandukanye basobanura isoko yo kwibuka muburyo butandukanye.Ukurikije igabana rya terefone, imbaraga eshatu zo gutwara zo kwibuka ni terefone zifite ubwenge, PC na seriveri.
TrendForce Jibang Consulting iteganya ko umugabane w'isoko ryo kwibuka uva kuri seriveri uziyongera kugera kuri 36% muri 2023, hafi y'umugabane wa terefone zigendanwa.Ububiko bugendanwa bukoreshwa kuri terefone zigendanwa bufite umwanya muto wo hejuru, ushobora kugabanuka kuva kuri 38.5% ukagera kuri 37.3%.Ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki byabaguzi mumasoko ya flash yibikoresho bizaba bifite intege nke, hamwe na terefone zubwenge ziyongera 2,8% naho mudasobwa zigendanwa zigabanuka 8-9%.
Liu Jiahao, umuyobozi w’ubushakashatsi muri Jibang Consulting, mu nama ya “2022 Jibang Consulting Semiconductor Summit and Industry Industry Summit” ku ya 12 Ukwakira yavuze ko iterambere ry’urwibutso rishobora kugabanywamo imbaraga nyinshi zitwara abantu, ziyobowe na mudasobwa zigendanwa kuva mu 2008 kugeza 2011;Muri 2012, hamwe no kwamamara kwibikoresho byubwenge nka terefone igendanwa na tableti, kandi bigatwarwa na interineti, ibyo bikoresho byasimbuye mudasobwa zigendanwa nkimbaraga nyamukuru zo gukurura kwibuka;Mugihe cya 2016-2019, porogaramu za interineti zarushijeho kwaguka, seriveri n’ibigo by’amakuru byabaye ngombwa nkibikorwa remezo bya digitale, kandi ububiko bwatangiye kugira imbaraga nshya.
Jeffrey Mathews yavuze ko icyiciro cya nyuma cyo gusubira mu mutwe cyabaye mu 2019, kubera ko icyifuzo cya telefoni zigendanwa, isoko rinini rya terefone, cyagabanutse.Muri kiriya gihe, urwego rwo gutanga ibicuruzwa rwarundanyije umubare munini w’ibarura, icyifuzo cy’abakora telefone zifite ubwenge cyaragabanutse, kandi NAND na DRAM ASP (igiciro cyo kugurisha igiciro) kuri terefone zifite ubwenge nazo zagabanutseho imibare ibiri.
Liu Jiahao yavuze ko mu gihe cyo kuva mu 2020 kugeza mu wa 2022, icyorezo cy’icyorezo, ihinduka ry’ikoranabuhanga, intege nke za elegitoroniki y’abaguzi n’ibindi bintu bitandukanye byagaragaye, kandi inganda zikenera mudasobwa zifite ingufu nyinshi cyane kuruta mu bihe byashize.Abakora byinshi kuri interineti na IT bashyizeho ibigo byamakuru, ari nabyo byatumye iterambere rigenda ryiyongera rya digitale ku gicu.Ibisabwa kubika seriveri bizarushaho gusobanuka.Nubwo imigabane yisoko iriho ikiri nto, data center na seriveri bizaba moteri yingenzi yisoko ryububiko mugihe giciriritse kandi kirekire.
Samsung Electronics izongera ibicuruzwa kuri seriveri n’ibigo by’amakuru mu 2023. Samsung Electronics yavuze ko, urebye ishoramari mu bikorwa remezo nka AI na 5G, icyifuzo cy’ibicuruzwa bya DRAM biva muri seriveri kizakomeza kuba umwaka utaha.
Sravan Kundojjala yavuze ko abatanga isoko benshi bashaka kugabanya kwibanda ku masoko ya PC na terefone.Mugihe kimwe, ikigo cyamakuru, ibinyabiziga, inganda, ubwenge bwubukorikori hamwe nurusobe bibaha amahirwe yo gukura.
Jeffrey Mathews yavuze ko kubera iterambere rikomeje gutera imbere mu ikoranabuhanga ryo kwibuka rigana ku ntera igezweho, biteganijwe ko imikorere y'ibicuruzwa bya NAND na DRAM biteganijwe ko izagera ku gisekuru kizaza.Biteganijwe ko icyifuzo cyamasoko yingenzi yanyuma nkikigo cyamakuru, ibikoresho hamwe na computing computing biziyongera cyane, kubatanga ibicuruzwa rero batwara ibicuruzwa byabo byibukwa portfolio.Mu gihe kirekire, twizeye ko abatanga kwibuka bazitonda mu kwagura ubushobozi no gukomeza gutanga no guhana ibiciro.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-08-2022