Ibura rya semiconductor iracyahari.
Mu gihe icyifuzo cy’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi gikomeje kwiyongera (imodoka nyinshi z’amashanyarazi zanditswe mu 2021 ugereranije n’imyaka itanu ishize, nk'uko bitangazwa n’umuryango w’abakora ibinyabiziga n’abacuruzi), ibikenerwa na mikorobe na semiconductor biriyongera.Kubwamahirwe, ibura rya semiconductor ryakomeje kuva mu ntangiriro za 2020 riracyakomeza kandi rikomeje kugira ingaruka ku nganda z’imashanyarazi.
Impamvu Zikomeza Kubura
Inguzanyo Ifoto: Amashusho ya Getty
Icyorezo kigira uruhare mu nyirabayazana yo kubura mikorobe ikomeje, kubera ko inganda nyinshi, ibyambu, n'inganda byugarijwe n'ifungwa ndetse n'ibura ry'abakozi, bikaba byarushijeho kuba bibi bitewe no kwiyongera kwa elegitoronike hamwe no kuguma mu rugo ndetse no gukorera mu rugo.By'umwihariko mu nganda z’imashanyarazi, terefone igendanwa yiyongereye hamwe na chip ya elegitoronike isaba abahinguzi kugabura ibikoresho byabo bya semiconductor nkeya kubintu byerekana inyungu nyinshi, terefone ngendanwa.
Umubare muke w'abakora microchip nawo wiyongereye kubura, aho TMSC ikorera muri Aziya na Samsung igenzura hejuru ya 80% byisoko.Ntabwo ibyo byibanda cyane ku isoko, ahubwo binongerera igihe cyo kuyobora igice cya kabiri.Igihe cyo kuyobora - igihe kiri hagati yumuntu utumije ibicuruzwa nigihe cyoherejwe - cyiyongereye kugera ku byumweru 25.8 mukuboza 2021, iminsi itandatu kurenza ukwezi gushize.
Indi mpamvu yo kubura microchip ikomeje ni ikibazo kinini cyibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi.Ntabwo ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi byiyongereye mubicuruzwa no gukundwa gusa, byongeye kugaragara kuri byinshi byamamaza ibicuruzwa bya Super Bowl LVI, ariko buri kinyabiziga gisaba chip nyinshi.Kugira ngo tubyerekane neza, Ford Focus ikoresha ibyuma bigera kuri 300 bya semiconductor, mugihe amashanyarazi Mach-e ikoresha ibyuma bigera ku 3.000.Muri make, abakora semiconductor ntibashobora kugendana nibinyabiziga bikenerwa n'amashanyarazi.
2022 Ibisubizo bivuye mu nganda z’amashanyarazi
Kubera ikibazo gikomeje kubura, amasosiyete yimodoka yamashanyarazi yagombaga guhindura ibintu cyangwa gufunga.Ku bijyanye n’impinduka, muri Gashyantare 2022 Tesla yafashe icyemezo cyo gukuraho kimwe mu bice bibiri bigenzura ibikoresho bya elegitoronike byashyizwe mu cyerekezo cy’imodoka zabo Model 3 na Model Y kugira ngo kigere ku ntego z’igihembwe cya kane.Iki cyemezo cyari gikurikije ikibazo cy’ibura kandi kimaze kugira ingaruka ku modoka ibihumbi icumi ku bakiriya mu Bushinwa, Ositaraliya, Ubwongereza, Ubudage, ndetse no mu bindi bice by’Uburayi.Tesla ntiyamenyesheje abakiriya uku gukuraho kuko igice kirenze kandi ntigikenewe murwego rwa 2 rwo gufasha-shoferi.
Ku bijyanye no gufunga, muri Gashyantare 2022 Ford yatangaje guhagarika by'agateganyo cyangwa guhindura umusaruro ku nganda enye zitanga umusaruro muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru biturutse ku kubura mikorobe.Ibi bigira ingaruka kumusaruro wa Ford Bronco na Explorer SUVs;imodoka zo mu bwoko bwa Ford F-150 na Ranger;Ford Mustang Mach-E amashanyarazi;na Lincoln Aviator SUV ku bimera muri Michigan, Illinois, Missouri, na Mexico.
Nubwo hafunzwe, Ford ikomeje kwigirira icyizere.Abayobozi ba Ford babwiye abashoramari ko umusaruro w’ibicuruzwa ku isi uziyongera ku gipimo cya 10 kugeza kuri 15 ku ijana muri rusange mu 2022. Umuyobozi mukuru Jim Farley yavuze kandi muri raporo y’umwaka wa 2022 ko Ford iteganya gukuba kabiri ubushobozi bw’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi mu 2023 hagamijwe ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi byerekana nibura 40 ku ijana by'ibicuruzwa byayo muri 2030.
Ibisubizo bishoboka
Hatitawe ku mpamvu cyangwa ibizagerwaho, ibura rya semiconductor rizakomeza kugira ingaruka ku nganda zikoresha amashanyarazi.Bitewe no gutanga amasoko hamwe nibibazo bya geografiya bitera ikibazo kinini cyibura, habayeho gusunika cyane kubona inganda nyinshi za semiconductor muri Amerika
Uruganda rwa GlobalFoundries muri Malta, New York
Inguzanyo Ifoto: GlobalFoundries
Kurugero, Ford iherutse gutangaza ubufatanye na GlobalFoundries mu rwego rwo kuzamura inganda zo mu gihugu ndetse GM yatangaje ubufatanye nk'ubwo na Wolfspeed.Byongeye kandi, ubuyobozi bwa Biden bwarangije "Chips Bill" itegereje kwemezwa na kongere.Niba byemejwe, miliyari 50 z'amadorali yo gutera inkunga inganda zikora chip, ubushakashatsi, n'iterambere.
Nyamara, hamwe na 70 kugeza kuri 80 ku ijana by'ibikoresho bya batiri bigezweho bitunganyirizwa mu Bushinwa, umusaruro wa batiri muri Amerika ugomba kwiyongera kugira ngo ugire amahirwe yo kurokoka mu nganda ziciriritse ndetse n’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi.
Kumakuru yandi makuru yimodoka n’amashanyarazi, reba ibicuruzwa byamashanyarazi bya Super Bowl LVI, ibinyabiziga birebire birebire ku isi, hamwe ningendo nziza zo gufata muri Amerika
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-28-2022